For example, fluorescent lights emit three spectral spikes centered on where typical human eyes are most sensitive to red, green, and blue. They emit basically no light in other parts of the spectrum. So if the notches in these glasses' spectral filters don't line up with those spikes, they'll be totally opaque under fluorescent lighting.

On the flipside, instead of wearing glasses indoors, someone could probably make an LED lightbulb with LEDs whose output was centered on the same frequencies as the notches in these glasses. It should have a similar effect for the colourblind - same principle, just applied in a different way.