You don't need to involve the hypercube at all. You can just look at the volume of a hypersphere (n-ball). The dimension where the maximal volume of the n-ball lives depends on the radius, and for the unit n-ball, the max is at 5D, not 6D. As D->inf, then V->inf too.
This relationship doesn't happen to the hypercube btw. Really, it is about the definition of each object. The volume of the hypercube just continues to grow. So of course the ratio is going to explode...
As an extra fun tidbit, I'll add that when we work with statistics some extra wildness appears. For example, there is a huge difference between the geometry of the uniform distribution and the gaussian (normal) distribution, both of which can be thought of as spheres. Take any two points in each distribution and draw a line connecting them and interpolate along that line. For the unit distribution, everything will work as expected. But for the gaussian distribution you'll find that your interpolated points are not representative of the distribution! That's because the normal distribution is "hollow". In math speak, we say "the density lies along the shell." Instead, you have to interpolate along the geodesic. Which is a fancy word to mean the definition of a line but aware of the geometry (i.e. you're traveling on the surface). Easiest way to visualize this is thinking about interpolating between two cities on Earth. If you draw a straight line you're gonna get a lot of dirt. Instead, if you interpolate along the surface you're going to get much better results, even if that includes ocean, barren land, and... some cities and towns and other things. That's a lot more representative than what's underground.
This relationship doesn't happen to the hypercube btw. Really, it is about the definition of each object. The volume of the hypercube just continues to grow. So of course the ratio is going to explode...
As an extra fun tidbit, I'll add that when we work with statistics some extra wildness appears. For example, there is a huge difference between the geometry of the uniform distribution and the gaussian (normal) distribution, both of which can be thought of as spheres. Take any two points in each distribution and draw a line connecting them and interpolate along that line. For the unit distribution, everything will work as expected. But for the gaussian distribution you'll find that your interpolated points are not representative of the distribution! That's because the normal distribution is "hollow". In math speak, we say "the density lies along the shell." Instead, you have to interpolate along the geodesic. Which is a fancy word to mean the definition of a line but aware of the geometry (i.e. you're traveling on the surface). Easiest way to visualize this is thinking about interpolating between two cities on Earth. If you draw a straight line you're gonna get a lot of dirt. Instead, if you interpolate along the surface you're going to get much better results, even if that includes ocean, barren land, and... some cities and towns and other things. That's a lot more representative than what's underground.
Citation(s):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume_of_an_n-ball
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypercube