Yes - a classic public goods problem. Lots of global inequities with minimal interest in solving. The average standard of living is substantially lower than developed countries, and global resource expenditure would skyrocket if parity occurred.

Inequity is inevitable. But that doesn't mean we should create tax policy to exacerbate it further. You really didn't say whether the carbon tax was effective in Sweden either. You just said they had lower emissions than the U.S. But that was probably true before the tax as well.