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Politics is the poster entity for this.

Stupid 1st order: Making jails as bad as possible will deter criminals which will make everyone safer.

Good 2nd order: That doesn't work. How about we try rehabilitation and cutting the social and economic causes of crime?

Evil 2nd order: You're a snowflake. Of course it works. [I know it's nonsense, but I'm going to lie to you for profit.] How are the shares in my prison services company doing today?

Stupid 1st order: See! The authority agrees! We're right!

3rd order: So... how do we deal with the evil 2nd order people?

Everyone else: Why are you creating imaginary problems? Let's get back to the real issues!



But the “stupid first order” proposition is correct. If our policy was to brutally torture people for even the most minor infractions, and we enforced it very well, no one would ever commit a crime unless they were extremely confident that they could get away with it.

The problem is that this “cure” would be much worse than the disease.




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